Research Paper Discuss Spam and Spyware an Example of the Topic Science and Technology Essays by

Research Paper Discuss Spam and Spyware Information technology deals with the employment of electronic computers and computer software and hardware to be able for the required information to be converted, stored, protected, processed, transmitted and retrieved safely and securely.In the 1970s, information technology came into being. However, the fundamental concepts of information technology had been alive before it was termed as information technology. The military and many industries had been able to help each other by developing electronics, computers and information theory. This was evident throughout the 20th century. With the efforts of the military and the funds it had provided, the discovery and innovation in the field of mechanization and computing has been able to provide motivation for newer developments. Need essay sample on "Research Paper Discuss Spam and Spyware" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed University Students Frequently Tell Us: Idon't want to write my essay. Because I want to spend time with my boyfriend Professional writers advise: Help With Essay Writing. Here Is Your Life Vest! Essay Writing Services Essay Review Service How to Make Assignment Essay Company According to the history of the information technology, the first computer to be able to used commercially was the UNIVAC I. It was officially released for the use in the United States Census Bureau. This was designed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. During the years when information technology was coiled, the use of microcomputers had been very rampant. This was closely followed by the discovery of the personal computers by the IBM. As the years had progressed, there were four generations of information technology. This four generations had been able to be characterized by decreasing in the size of computers but increasing in the capabilities it can offer. The first generation had used the vacuum tubes whilr the second generation was called the transistors. The third generation used the integrated circuits. And the fourth generation used the very-large-scale-integration which is also widely used until these times. Today, the term information technology had catered many uses in terms of computing and technology. It is widely used for installing computers as well as for the design of different complex structures of the computers and the storage of information databases. Importance of Information Technology Many rapid changes in information technology had occurred. These changes had included the changes in the technology of semiconductor, the storage of information and the various concepts of networking. This changes when combined with the developments in software had been able to allow new opportunities in applications. It had also help in the reduction of costs and the extensive dissemination of information technology. It had also greatly contributed in making information technology more functional and it had further pushed the unending expansion of information technology (National Science Indicators, 2000). Significance of information technology in the semiconductor technology had been evident in terms of the new advances that information technology had created. Improvements in the presentation of integrated circuits the huge reduction of costs that had been massive had given much emphasis for the advances in information technology to happen. The rampant change of these integrated circuits from large to miniatures had been a great drive for the development of the different advances in the field of information technology. The discovery of the semiconductor chips had offered its users a less expensive cost but a more powerful tool to be used in computing for important devices and equipments. Moreover, semiconductor chips had been omnipresent nowadays. Together with the advancement in the field of semiconductors technology, new capabilities were being added up to the semiconductor chips that had made it a more powerful one. This includes the microelectromechanical systems more commonly kno wn as the MEMs. Microelectromechanical systems are made up of sensors and actuators and processors of digital signal. Processors of digital signal will be able to facilitate the decrease in costs and most importantly it will be able to widen information technology into kinds of devices that are newer. Spam and Spyware Spam is defined in electronics as the bulk electronic messages. This bulk of messages are all unwanted and undesired (Aguilar, 1998). The act of using spam is called spamming wherein it is the abuse of electronic messaging systems. E-mail spam is known to be the most widely known kind of spam. Other abusive spam is very common in other media such as the instant messaging system, Usenet newsgroup spam and Web search spam. Others include spasm in blogs, mobile phone messaging, internet forum and some junk fax transmission. History had noted that the term spam came from the Monty Phyton Spam Sketch. This was set in a nearby caf wherein everything that they serve includes the widely known luncheon meat SPAM. The spam-filled menu when recited by the servers some of the costumers (Viking patrons) of the caf gets the attention of all the other costumers by singing in chorus a song which goes Spam, spam, spam, spam.. lovely spam, wonderful spam. The term spam had not been widely used in 1970 although the first emergence of unsolicited commercial email had taken place during this year. In 1980, spam was used to explain the act that the abusive users who have repeatedly used the word spam in the Bulletin Board Systems and Multi User Dimensions. The result of the repeatedly used word (spam) will let the users text to disappear in their screen (Templeton, 2007). As the years had passed, the term spam was used on USENET. The term means that there is an excessive multiple posting. The excessive multiple posting also means repeated posting of the same messages. This was done by Mr. Joel Furr in response to the result of the Automated Retroactive Minimal Moderation incident. A small piece of experimental software which caused thousands of recursive messages sent on the newsgroup called the news.admin.policy as the response of Mr. Furr to the ARMM incident. In 1994, Laurence Canter and Martha Siegel started the commercial spamming. Because of the development of the Green Card Spam, several postings in the email as a means of advertisement had begun (Templeton, 2007). Spyware is defined as the secretly installed computer software on a personal computer interrupt the users interaction with the computer. This can take place without the consent of the computer user. The threats of spyware by the computer user do not only end in the secret monitoring and interference of the user but it can also extend in terms of collecting various personal information. It can also get in the way of the users control over the computer by the attempt of installation of programs or software by a third party. Other activities such as redirecting the browser of the web or switching the revenue of advertising to a third party from the original user of the computer. Spyware was first used when someone poked fun at the Microsofts business model that was posted using the USENET. Spyware makes sense in terms of spying activities (Vossen, 1997). A study that was done by America On Line, Inc. and the National Cyber-Security Alliance presented that among the computer users they surveyed, there is a sixty one percent spam was present in the computers of the surveyed computer users. Moreover, results have shown a ninety-two percent of the computer users were unaware of the spam present in their computers. There is also a ninety one percent among these computer users that have not given any permission that a spyware be installed in their computers (AOL/NCSA Online Safety Study, 2005). The Microsoft Windows operating systems had been a home for many spyware. As of 2006, spyware had become the most excellent security threats present in many operating systems. There was an estimate that has been released by Webroot Software that nine out of ten computer users that uses the internet were infected by various spyware ( Spyware Education Center, 2007). Solutions to SPAM and SPYWARE Troublesome problems of spams are still widely used today but the development of state of the art software like antispams can eliminate threats that spams have created. An analyst in the person of Miss Richi Jennings added that the omnipresent use of the antispam software can justify the threats that spam had created. Moreover, the strategy of eliminating spams will start by means of making the spams invisible by the people using computers. Those people who will not be able to see the computer generated spams will not be able to buy the advertised products in the spam ads. And when the advertised products are no longer paid by the consumers, spammers wont be able to develop more spams since they will not get any more payments for their work. This strategy will little by little stop the problems created by spams (Parizo, 2006). There were some proposed solutions to solve the problems of undesired junk emails. Recipient revolt is one of the solutions wherein this was used by legitimate companies to scare those people sending them unwanted junk e-mails. Another solution is the use of black list system. This is a great help since it is able to use a database of the recognized abusers. Unknown addresses by the computer users can also be filtered by the use of the blacklist system. By also hiding or refusing to reveal the users email address, you are able to prevent yourself from getting unwanted junk messages (Templeton, 2003) References: Aguilar, Rose. (1998). Oxford Dictionary adds Net terms. CNET Networks. AOL/NCSA Online Safety Study. (2005). America Online & The National Cyber Security Alliance. Spyware Education Center. (2007). Spyware Info and Facts that All Internet Users must Know. Webroot Software.com. Templeton, Brad. (2007). The origin of the term spam to mean net business. Templeton, Brad (2003). The Spam Solutions, An overview of Solutions to the junk email problems. Vossen, Roland. (1995) Win 95 Source code in c!!

What you need to know about medical student mentors

What you need to know about medical student mentors No matter what field you’re in, mentorship is one of the most important factors in your early career. A study of private sector mentorship shows that mentorship (having junior employees develop a professional relationship with more senior employees) is a crucial way to develop employees and build leadership skills. And when you’re in a highly specialized, high-pressure field like medicine, that mentorship becomes even more valuable. What does a mentor do?Med school will teach you what you need to know about the science and practice of medicine. It teaches you the theory, the ins and outs, the blood and guts. That part doesn’t change, whether you have a mentor or not. What a medical mentor does is offer you the practical side of that knowledge- someone who’s been where you are now, showing you what it’s like to put your education into everyday use.A mentor can help you with those transitional steps between med school and full-fledged practice, talkin g you through applying for jobs, preparing for residency interviews, dealing with the stress of the job, dealing with setbacks in med school and out in the field, and helping you find your specialty. A mentor may be a cheerleader- but more importantly, he or she is someone who has your professional interests at heart and wants to help you build a successful medical career. That may involve some tough talk or recommendations that aren’t easy, but are necessary.Why you need a mentorNo one transitions from school to career without loads of questions. What do I do next? Am I doing this too early/too late? What if I fail a class? What is it going to be like once I graduate? And sure, you can probably cobble that information together from the Internet. But don’t discount the benefits that come from a face-to-face (or voice-to-voice) relationship with someone who already has that knowledge. School can feel isolating, especially as you start to make Big Deal career decisions, so having a go-to relationship where you can ask questions and get honest real-world feedback is extremely helpful.As you make choices about your future career, you want to make sure you’re making informed ones. Having a source of feedback and help can prevent you from making those decisions in a vacuum and then coming to regret them later. Having someone to say, â€Å"Look, here are some hard lessons I learned when I chose to become an internist,† is a major asset if you’re thinking about going down that path, as well.How to get startedIf you’re a med student, you can always try to match to a doctor in your field of interest to act as a mentor. But don’t discount other health professionals who can provide that essential perspective. For example, nurses are in the trenches with doctors and are responsible for providing much of the direct patient care. They can provide precious insight into what it’s like to work with patients, what you can e xpect to see every day, and how to do basic and essential procedures. They also work closely with physicians and very likely have a solid perspective on what makes a good doctor vs. a not-great doctor. If you’re looking for guidance on the practical aspects of the job, you want it from someone who does it (and does it well) day in and day out, regardless of the degree that person has.If you want someone to help you with some of the more administrative aspects of being a doctor (like passing exams, the application process, interviews), then you’ll want someone who’s been there- a physician or an administrator. Keep in mind that you’re not limited to just one mentor throughout your career; you can get super-valuable help from different people on different career aspects.Your mentor can be someone you shadow in the workplace, but don’t feel confined to that box or to your own residency program, if you’ve already started one. Your mentor could b e someone you consult on the phone or via email/chat/FaceTime/your preferred digital platform.If you’re interested in finding a mentor and role model, there’s no time like med school to get that started. That’s not to say that you can’t find one later when you’re already settled in a residency or other job and a great mentoring opportunity presents itself. But like just about all career planning, it’s best to start as early as you can. Things aren’t going to get any easier as you prepare to graduate, and this special kind of networking is best done when you have time to develop a relationship with your mentor.How to find the right mentorLike any kind of networking, the place to start is thinking about who you know already. You can ask your faculty advisor if they know anyone who might be a good fit for the kind of mentor you need. There’s also good old online research, if you’re looking for a very specific type of mentor . And if you’re feeling truly stuck on how to get the mentor-mentee process underway, the American College of Physicians (ACP) has a mentor matchmaking database that you can register to use.Know what you want in a mentor. Do you want someone with a particular research interest? Someone with specific technical expertise? Do you want to know what the everyday life is like for a thoracic surgeon? Before you start reaching out, know what you want to get out of the relationship.Make sure you’re asking the right questions. Think of it like an interview for your mentor (though obviously, be respectful of their authority in the field and the time they’re taking to speak with you). But in the course of conversation (or in email), feel free to ask them questions like how they chose their specialty, what brought them to medicine, what their own goals were when they were in your position, and what their biggest professional challenges have been. Come up with a list of quest ions in advance before you talk to your potential mentor.Keep an open mind. You may find that a potential mentor is great at talking you through exam prep, but not great at helping you find job openings. Or she can offer brilliant insight on research, but not necessarily the day-to-day questions you have. There’s no reason you can’t build relationships with different mentors for different parts of your career- and again, don’t forget to consider people who might be nurses, administrators, or other non-physicians who could bring different perspectives to your career.Once you’ve found the mentor (or mentors) of your professional dreams, make sure you take care to keep the relationship going- even after you’re no longer a student/newbie. You never know when those professional connections will come in handy. And then the day may come when you find yourself ready to take on a mentee of your own.

Tips on Writing a Strong Evaluation Essay

Tips on Writing a Strong Evaluation Essay Tips on Writing a Strong Evaluation Essay Many people are convinced that academic papers similar to evaluation essays are very complicated and difficult to understand. In fact, an evaluation essay is pretty simple to compose. All you have to do is to learn definite points that will help you complete this assignment properly. This type of essays can be compared with a review. However, it is more specific and rather detailed. A review of a book, movie or article gives the explanations of why you prefer something or dislike it. In the meanwhile, an evaluation essay demands the list of all positive and negative aspects of the researched topic. In other words, you are to show the definite criteria or specify your preferences. Accordingly, there seem to be no problems while performing this piece of academic writing. You simply express your own attitude towards the main idea of the research and provide explanations. Of course, you ought to pay close attention to the manner you write and the things you judge. There are several points, which will come you in handy. Choose a Topic Commonly, students are free to choose a topic they wish. If this is your case, you are extremely lucky. You have a nice opportunity to make the most beneficial combo in any academic piece of writing. You can choose a topic, which is interesting for both you and your audience. Don’t forget that your judgment is based on a set of definite criteria. Therefore, you ought to know the subject properly. Choose a theme which would be easy and captivating to evaluate. Compose Your Thesis Your next step is to formulate your thesis statement. It is understood that a thesis is the strongest element of any research. It tells the readers what you are studying and the direction the conversation or discussion would go. However, a thesis statement for an evaluation essay should be written with great caution. You should clearly express your intentions so that your readers could understand what criteria you have picked up. State the value or the lack of value. Say how you want to continue your research and select appropriate examples. Choose the Evaluation Criteria Another crucial point for this specific assignment is the choice of the evaluation criteria. It plays an utterly significant role. Consequently, you should learn all of them and pick up the most suitable and effective. It is remarkable that you shouldn’t stick to a single evaluation principle. Your judgments should be clear enough. In the meanwhile, your research is supposed to ignite the pure interest in your readers. Make your paper more vivid. This can be gained using several evaluation criteria. However, don’t overdo! You cannot mess the things up. Know the middle ground. You can choose your own criteria based on different methods. For instance, you may put to use the method of comparison and contrast; begin with your expectations before you undertook the topic and show your impressions in the end; provide an analysis based on visual, causal or social context; and other methods. Get the Evidence One more critical moment is to find the supporting evidence, which would prove your point of view. Depending on your topic, find as many facts and proofs as possible to sustain your main argument. For instance, you might be evaluating the services of a certain restaurant. Learn its menu, various conveniences, the quickness of service, attentiveness of waiters, professionalisms of the chef, and other criteria. Afterward, give grades in accordance with your own criteria. Draw an honest conclusion concerning the visited restaurant and tell whether it has met your expectations or not. Be reasonable and straight to the point. Highlight all advantages as well as possible drawbacks. Knowing all mentioned-above essentials, you may start writing your evaluation essay. However, you should not forget about the common elements of merely all essay types. You should follow the structure. It should contain the introduction, main body, and conclusion. Write the thesis statement at the end of the introductory section. Make the list of references, title, table of contents, and other things in accordance with the assigned style.

APA Writing Format Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

APA Writing Format - Essay Example All text in the title page is written in the â€Å"Capitalize Each Word† format. Abstract The â€Å"Abstract† section in the APA format is optional. When included, it provides a quick insight into the content of the paper. The first word of the Abstract is kept flush with the left hand side and there is no indent unlike the paragraphs in the rest of the paper. Word limit for the Abstract ranges from 150 to 250 words. Abstract is always written on the second page since the first page is the Title Page. Page numbers start displaying from the second page onwards. Title The title should be concise and appropriately signify the content of the paper. Words for the title must be chosen with utmost care since it is the fundamental phrase that attracts the audiences to read the paper. Introductory Paragraph The introductory paragraph, as the name indicates, introduces the readers to the subject of the paper and the particular aspect in the vast field that is explored in the pape r. The introductory paragraph should contain detailed information about the subject with an intent to inform a reader who is new to the subject. The introductory paragraph is the first paragraph of the paper that is indented, and so are all paragraphs that follow. The introductory paragraph ends with a thesis statement. Usually, past tense is used in the text included in the introductory paragraph. Thesis Statement The thesis statement is a concise summary just a sentence long that plays the role of a roadmap and highlights all main points in the same sequence as they are discussed in the body of the paper. The thesis statement essentially reflects what the author wants the readers to learn by reading the paper. The thesis statement should present a debatable point. It should constitute such words and ideas that one can possibly disagree with. The thesis statement is ideally just one sentence long. Occasionally, it may extend to two sentences but no more than that otherwise it becom es difficult for the readers to tell it from the rest of the sentences in the introductory paragraph. Body The body of the paper is where the author can express every point of the thesis statement in the same sequence in detail. The number of paragraphs included in the body of the paper varies from one paper to another depending upon how complex the paper is and how long it is required to convey the points effectively. Good writing requires logical flow of ideas and smooth transition from one idea to another, without abrupt changes. This requires proper mind-mapping before the writing can be commenced. In APA writing format, headings assist the readers in tracking the argument’s development. No heading is provided in the introduction since the first paragraph is already taken as an introduction. Nevertheless, the title of the paper shows on the very first line of the third page. Headings in the APA format are not labeled with numbers or letters. There are five levels of headi ngs that are used as needed in the body of the paper. In-text citations are incorporated in the body of the paper. There are different ways to use the in-text citations when they are used before the quote or paraphrase than when they are used after the quote or the paraphrased sentence. When the in-text citat

Aviation Labor Relation Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Aviation Labor Relation - Research Proposal Example inually, therefore the drive of this transformation looks set to speed up in scope and size, calling for fresh generation of aviation leaders (Steven and Fewster 56-69). The aviation industry comprises of various segments such as aerospace manufacturing, government aviation, general aviation, and air transportation. Every segment of aviation industry of US consists of its own practices and labor law. No single organization, labor statute, or agency includes all employees in the aerospace/aviation industry. Any specified law and policies may or may not pertain to an employer or employee of aviation. A vital role is always played by labor relations in the competitive or viable performance of the airlines firms in the aviation industry (Kaps, Hamilton and Bliss 9). In the US, the labor conflict is negatively related with productivity, service quality, and several financial outcomes of airlines. The most significant influences on the performance of airlines are the ordinary issues of the work organization like employee attitude, work rules, the structure and level of costs associated with labor, as well as the impact of these factors on service quality and productivity. The main purpose of this research proposal is to focus on the labor relations in the aviation industry. The rationale behind this research proposal is to explore how the labor act has an effect on the aviation industry along with putting emphasis on the labor problems which was noticed in the aviation industry. The airline industry is a very competitive, high technology, and safety-sensitive service industry. Here, the customers, employees, and people are the field of core competence of the organization, not the machines and products. The insinuations are pervasive and fast affecting the culture, strategy, structure, and operational activities of the organization (Fewster 59-71). This section will discuss about the main issues in the aviation industry and how they have an effect on the productivity

Dark Child Essay Example for Free

Dark Child Essay Ideology-Countries whose history is strongly marked by western European immigration or settlement, such as the Americans, and the Australians, and is not restricted to Western Europe (Wikidpedia. org). Many countries around the world have been influenced by the western ideology. Western Ideology includes components such as literary, education, political and philosophical views, and most of all, religion. In the autobiography, â€Å"The Dark Child†, Camara Laye, is a person who faces these types of challenges. He becomes stuck between his own traditional and the western ideologies. In the Dark Child, Camara Laye’s youth and development of his cultural and personal values as a young man is explained. He is part of the Malinke tribe in the village of Koroussa in Upper Guinea and is eldest out of many brothers and sisters. In the beginning, he learns about many of the traditions and customs his people. He is told about Totemism-the fact that everybody has a spiritual animal that is chosen by the person’s character. While learning about his people, he has attends a Koran school and then a French school in another part of town. Later in the book, he learns about Konden Diara- a ceremony that is a ritual used to conquer a boy’s fear before the initiation of circumcision. He undergoes the ritual and circumcision-represents a rite of passage –a boy is now a man. After graduating from his school, Laye leaves at 15 years of age to attend a technical college in Guineas capital city of Conakry. Like any mother, Layes warns him to be careful with strangers and sends him off on a train to live with his Uncles Sekou and Mamadou in Conakry where he comes across many cultural changes. In the school, in a new city for the first time in his experience, Laye encounters difficult language barriers and a hot, humid climate more taxing and oppressive than that in his Koroussa home. He also seeks changes during the day where people at their work are dressed in a Western style, but in boubou’s when they come home from work. Laye lives the life of a typical college school student, studying at the schools campus and returning home to Koroussa during the holidays. When he returns, he sees the transformation within his family and friends. Later, he finishes his studies in Conakry and is offered a once in a lifetime opportunity to study in France. His mother greatly disapproves, but Laye and his father convinces his mother. At the end of the book, Laye leaves for France, and promises to himself that he will return to his people. As I was reading the book, it made realize the position of Africa and where it stood as a country. I felt distinctly as I was reading throughout the book, western values and traditions were overrunning the traditions of not only Africa but Laye’s life as well. Since the beginning of the book, he not an ordinary child in the village peoples eyes. He was one of the many who was sent out to attend school and be educated. His father knew what was to come of Africa, modernization. In my opinion, I think his father placed Laye in school for the purpose to contribute to his people, as oppose to being a goldsmith like himself. As he moved to Conakry, he moved in with his uncle Mamadou. His uncle lived in a European-style house. Was it unfamiliarity, or the humid heat of the town, or the fatigue of two days in the train that kept me from sleeping? Yet it was a very comfortable house: the room I slept in was large, and the bed soft, softer than any I had previously slept on† (147). Laye was astonished about his living headquarters. He was not used to this style and roominess. As I earlier stated, people in Conakry dressed differently during the day than at home. It took him a little while to get used to this as well. Later in the book, he woul d return home during the holidays. As he came back, he noticed that his mother had been plastered with white clay. â€Å"Originally it had been like the other huts, but gradually it began to acquire a European look† (169). His was trying to adapt to the style of the west through her son’s experience in Conakry. She was expressing not only her love for Laye, but also her feelings toward the western tradition. While he was in his village, one of his friends’ Chet was seriously ill. The medicine men gave him remedies and charms to help her but there was no significant change at all. Laye and his other friend knew that he had to see a white doctor at the hospital. Chet passed away after a week. Because of Laye’s education from the west, he knew that the medicine men were insufficient. From experiences and education of the west, he has become a man with wisdom of both cultures. â€Å"The Dark Child† is a wonderful journey through Camara Laye’s personal experiences. It shares many of his experiences and challenges through his life as a youth and young man. I really enjoyed the book and thought it was really educating.

Amistad :: Film Review, Movie

Amistad   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the study of world history, the ideology of “divide and conquer'; is studied and glorified as the most effective strategy for colonialism. The institution of slavery and the transporting of Africans across the ocean to serve as slaves in the “New World'; depict the most blatant use of coerced division in the Europeans efforts to completely enfeeble African slaves.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The middle passage portrays the Europeans efforts to divide African cultures by separating the slaves so that they were amongst those that spoke different languages and therefore could not communicate with them. The results of this “middle passage'; experience left the African confused, alone, and virtually powerless in an environment foreign to him in every way. Amistad illustrates the result of not separating the Africans and attempting to “conquer'; them without stripping them of the ability to communicate with one another. Without instituting the process of “cultural division'; (and eventual extinction) resulting from the “middle passage';, efforts to conquer the African people were worthless.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Films like Amistad, and the few presentations and rhetoric that portray realistic viewpoints of Africa in the past and present, illustrate the physical, emotional, and spiritual strength of African people. They enable African Americans to be proud of their heritage, and eliminate the false pretenses set by many that African Americans have no connection to the “motherland';. Learning about Africa from coast to coast, and seeing the array of environments from the most primitive tribes, to the big cities and metropolitan areas annul many whites efforts to continue to enfeeble African Americans by portraying the entire continent as “uncivilized';. Amistad :: Film Review, Movie Amistad   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the study of world history, the ideology of “divide and conquer'; is studied and glorified as the most effective strategy for colonialism. The institution of slavery and the transporting of Africans across the ocean to serve as slaves in the “New World'; depict the most blatant use of coerced division in the Europeans efforts to completely enfeeble African slaves.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The middle passage portrays the Europeans efforts to divide African cultures by separating the slaves so that they were amongst those that spoke different languages and therefore could not communicate with them. The results of this “middle passage'; experience left the African confused, alone, and virtually powerless in an environment foreign to him in every way. Amistad illustrates the result of not separating the Africans and attempting to “conquer'; them without stripping them of the ability to communicate with one another. Without instituting the process of “cultural division'; (and eventual extinction) resulting from the “middle passage';, efforts to conquer the African people were worthless.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Films like Amistad, and the few presentations and rhetoric that portray realistic viewpoints of Africa in the past and present, illustrate the physical, emotional, and spiritual strength of African people. They enable African Americans to be proud of their heritage, and eliminate the false pretenses set by many that African Americans have no connection to the “motherland';. Learning about Africa from coast to coast, and seeing the array of environments from the most primitive tribes, to the big cities and metropolitan areas annul many whites efforts to continue to enfeeble African Americans by portraying the entire continent as “uncivilized';.